Dry Facial Skin: Causes, Treatment & Care
Understanding Dry Facial Skin
Dry facial skin needs hydration and natural moisturisation to maintain elasticity and good condition. Water is essential for protecting it from viruses and bacteria. This article explores why skin loses moisture too quickly, who is affected, and what can be done.
What Does Dry Facial Skin Look Like?
Signs of dry facial skin are visible to the naked eye. It appears scaly, rough to the touch, and flaky. It often feels tight, stretched, and cracked. You may also experience itching or burning.
Causes of Dry Facial Skin
Dry skin can be caused by individual factors (hormonal changes and genetics) and external factors. As we age, skin becomes drier due to a lack of hyaluronic acid, crucial for hydration.
External factors include:
- Winter: Low temperatures, wind, dry heated air, and smog irritate the skin and damage its protective barrier.
- Summer: Prolonged sun exposure is harmful. Chlorinated water and air conditioning also have a negative impact.
- Lifestyle: Stress, dehydration, excessive alcohol consumption, and unsuitable skincare products can contribute to dryness. Even oily and acne-prone skin can become dry due to harsh cleansers.
- Medication: Steroid medications and birth control pills can also be contributing factors.
- Underlying Medical Conditions: Dry skin can be a symptom of conditions like diabetes, eczema (atopic dermatitis), or thyroid disorders. Consult a doctor if you suspect this.
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What to Avoid with Dry Skin
Your skin needs consistent moisturising care with products rich in vitamins A and E, ceramides, and hyaluronic acid. Use high SPF sunscreen year-round.
Avoid:
- Heavy, oily creams containing paraffin, which can prevent your skin from breathing.
- Cosmetics with alcohol or other harsh ingredients. Opt for natural ingredients.
- Harsh treatments: Avoid harsh scrubs, vigorous rubbing with towels, and chlorinated water.
Caring for Dry Skin
Limit sun exposure, saunas, and sunbeds. Reduce or eliminate dehydrating substances like alcohol and increase your water intake. Eat a balanced diet rich in healthy fats, fruits, and vegetables, low in sugar.
Use natural skincare and makeup remover products. Use a hydrating face mask occasionally. If using an enzymatic peel, do so gently, avoiding harsh rubbing.
Caring for Dry Skin with Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)
Eczema is an allergic condition caused by an inappropriate immune response to allergens. Skin reactions can occur anywhere on the body, not just the face.
Eczema care requires emollients and humectants for moisturising and lubricating. Look for products containing urea, panthenol, ceramides, bisabolol, glycerin, hyaluronic acid, and squalane.
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Treatments for Dry Skin
If home remedies are insufficient, consider these aesthetic medicine treatments:
- Mesotherapy: Micro-needle or needle-free mesotherapy delivers hydrating and nourishing ingredients into the skin.
- Carboxytherapy: Injects carbon dioxide to boost metabolism, increase oxygen and nutrient delivery, and stimulate collagen production.
- Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP): Uses your own blood plasma to regenerate and hydrate the skin.
Summary
Dry facial skin can have many causes, including underlying medical conditions requiring treatment. Proper skincare and avoiding aggravating factors are essential.
References
1. Kułak-Krajewska E., Szczepański M., Atopowe zapalenie skóry, Problemy pielęgnacyjne, Akademia Medyczna w Białymstoku, Łomża, 2007
2. Elżbieta Waszczykowska, Atopowe zapalenie skóry – postępowanie lecznicze, Przegląd Alergologiczny, 2004
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